Panelization Optimize PCB Assembly Processes
The main purpose of panelization is to optimize printed circuit board and assembly processes by minimizing the number of times a board needs to be broken out for individual production. This reduces the chance of errors during the breakout process and allows for higher production speeds. However, the benefits of panelization can only be realized if PCB designers take full consideration of its impact during the design phase.
The optimum way to panelize a PCB depends on the specific PCB and the desired manufacturing capabilities. Ideally, the PCB layout should be designed with panelization in mind as early on as possible. This will allow the contract manufacturer to recommend the best panelization method for the project and avoid issues during assembly and testing.
A common way to panelize a PCB is through V-score panelization, which separates the individual boards using V-shaped grooves. These grooves are usually cut on both sides of the board, leaving a third of the board between them. This method is ideal for a wide range of applications, but it’s important to note that it’s best used with smaller boards. Larger boards may require additional supports or braces to keep them in place during the process, a fact that should be taken into account by the designer.
How Does Panelization Optimize PCB Assembly Processes?
Another panelization option is tab routing, which combines the individual boards into an array with perforated tabs that are easily removed by hand. This is a good solution for PCBs with uneven features that can’t be panelized with a V-groove. However, it’s important to remember that the arrangement of individual PCBs on a tab-routed panel can affect the quality and performance of the overall product. For example, it’s critical that copper balance is maintained throughout the array, as uneven distribution can cause hotspots during soldering and lead to defective joints.
Other considerations include component placement, which can limit the panelization options for a board. Specifically, placing SMT components close to the breakaway edges of a board can cause hairline cracks during depanelization. This also applies to connectors and other large components that hang off the edge of a PCB. To avoid these issues, it’s important to use component placement keep-out zones when designing a board.
Other factors to consider when choosing a panelization method are the material type and thickness of the individual PCBs, as well as the size and shape of the board itself. For instance, some materials are more prone to splintering than others, and the board’s thickness can determine whether it will be easy or difficult to break out of a panel.